Teshio's economy is driven by agriculture, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The town is particularly known for its fishing industry, which includes shijimi clam harvesting and coastal fishing for species such as herring, flounder, and crab. Teshio, with its fertile farming soil, has many families that will farm rice, grain, soy beans, and even have dairy farms. Additionally, Teshio benefits from large-scale regional energy projects, such as the nearby Kita Toyotomi Substation, which is set to house one of the world's largest storage battery facilities.